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If you have Axis throwing exception when receiving a Soap Envelope from gSoap, it is likely that the ' SOAPAction: "" ' is missing from the HTTP header. To fix this, find stdsoap2.cpp in the gSoap source and go to the soap_puthttphdr(...) function and add the header.

eg.

 soap->fposthdr(soap, "SOAPAction", "\"\"");

Cannot build the String representation of the XML DOM Document
javax.xml.transform.TransformerFactoryConfigurationError: Provider org.apache.xalan.processor.TransformerFactoryImpl not found
        at javax.xml.transform.TransformerFactory.newInstance(Unknown Source)

If you get this error is probably because you are trying to do XML processing with the JDK1.5 inside tomcat. To overcome this you need to add xalan.jar and serializer.jar, xercesImpl.jar, xml-apis.jar to tomcat_home/common/endorsed folder. Go here for detailed discussion.